What is the capital city of Saudi Arabia?

Riyadh is the capital city of Saudi Arabia, and it serves as the political, administrative, and economic center of the country. Established in the 18th century, Riyadh has grown to become the largest city in Saudi Arabia and plays a key role in shaping national policies and governance. It is also home to several government institutions and foreign embassies, emphasizing its importance as the capital. The city's strategic location in the central region of Saudi Arabia enhances its significance in connecting various parts of the country.

In contrast, Jeddah, while a major city and a gateway for Muslim pilgrims visiting Mecca, is primarily an economic and commercial hub rather than the political center. Mecca is revered as a spiritual center, especially for Islam, but it does not serve as the administrative heart of the country. Dhahran, known for its proximity to oil facilities and the location of major petroleum companies, does not have the same political or administrative significance as Riyadh. Thus, understanding the role of Riyadh as the capital helps clarify the country's administrative structure and its significance in Saudi Arabia's governance.