What is the significance of the city of Medina?

The city of Medina holds great significance as the second holiest city in Islam, following Mecca. It is renowned for being the site where the Prophet Muhammad established the Muslim community after migrating from Mecca. Medina is home to several key Islamic landmarks, including the Prophet's Mosque, which houses Muhammad's tomb. This city's historical and spiritual importance makes it a vital location for Muslims around the globe, who often visit Medina as part of their religious pilgrimage known as Hajj or Umrah.

The other options do not reflect the primary significance of Medina. While Riyadh is the capital of Saudi Arabia, and other cities may play roles in the oil industry or have larger populations, none of these aspects capture the unique religious and historical role that Medina holds within Islam. Understanding Medina's importance helps one appreciate the profound cultural and spiritual contexts of the region.